Science

[WilliamMartin]

In medieval Western Europe, in comparison with antiquity, empirical science was in decline, theology and scholasticism took precedence. was concentrated in universities. Starting from the 9th century, medicine was taught at universities in the territory of modern Germany, England and France, along with other sciences. The monks and secular people were engaged in the treatment. The most famous of the medical schools in Europe in the Middle Ages was Salerno. The writings of this school were accepted, as exemplary, in other schools. The most famous was the hygienic poem “Lat. Regimen Sanitatis. " Doctors of the clergy and secular rank, as well as women, belonged to the Salerno school. They were in charge of hospitals, accompanied armies on campaigns, and were with kings and princes. Only from the 13th century did a few representatives of medicine of that time show a desire to study the nature of diseases through observations and experiments. These are Arnold of Villanova and R. Bacon. In the fourteenth century, the development of anatomy as a science began on the basis of autopsy, and Mondino de Luzzi (1275-1326) published an essay containing accurate images of organs. However, until the 15th century, Arabs dominated European medicine, so even Galen's works in Europe were distributed in Arabic translations.